Introduction: VLSI technology, MOS Transistor & Switches, Layout of basic devices- Inverter,
NAND, NOR, Compound gates, Multiplexer, Memory-Latches & Register.
VLSI Physical Design Automation [5L] :VLSI Design cycle: System specification; Design- Functional,
Logic, Circuit, Physical; Fabrication, Design methodologies, Packaging; Design styles- Full custom,
Standard cell, Gate arrays & Sea of gates, FPGA; Design rules.
Partitioning: Problem formulation, Approximation of hypergraphs with graphs, Kerninghan-Lin &
Fiduccia- Mattheyses heuristic algorithm, Ratio cut, Simulated annealing.
Placement [5L] : Cost function, Force directed methods, Partitioning placement, Resistive network,
Regular & linear placement.
Floorplanning : Problem formulation, Hierarchical approach, Rectangular dualization, Floorplan
sizing, Floorplannig based on simulated annealing.
Routing : Global- Problem formulation; Fundamentals- Maze running, Line searching, Steiner trees;
Lee & line probe algorithm, Hierarchical approach, Multicomodity Flow based technique, Randomized
routing; Detailed- Problem formulation, Channel routing & Switchbox routing, Hierarchical approach,
Greedy algorithm; Single layer- General river routing algorithm; Two layer- Left edge algorithm (Basic &
Dogleg); Constraint graph- Yoshimura & Kuh algorithm; FPGA- Array & Row based.
Testing : Need for testing- Functionality & Manufacturing test; Manufacturing test principles- Stuck
At, short & open circuit, Observability, controlability, Fault coverage; Automatic test pattern generation,
Statistical fault analysis; Design strategies for test- Scan based, Self test, IDDQ.
VHDL:Introduction to VHDL, VHDL Terms, Describing Hardware in VHDL –Entity, Architecture,
Concurrent Signal Assignment, Structural Design, Sequential Behavior, Behavioral Modeling, Generics,
Data Types, Sequential Statements- IF, CASE, LOOP, EXIT, ASSERT,WAIT.