Traction: System of Traction Electrification, Train movement & energy consumption (Speed-time curves,
Crest speed, Average speed & Schedule speed), Tractive effort, Factors affecting energy consumption (
Dead weight, Acceleration weight & Adhesion weight), Protective devices.
Electric Traction motor & their control: Starting, braking with special emphasis on power electronic
controllers, Current collector, Interference with telecommunication circuit. A brief outline of linear
Induction motor principle in Traction.
Illumination: Laws of illumination, Polar cuvees, Photometry, Integrating sphere, Types of Lamps:
Conventional and Energy Efficient, Basic principle of Light control, Different lighting scheme & their
design methods, Flood and Street lighting.
Heating: Types of heating, Resistance heating, Induction heating, Arc furnace, Dielectric heating,
Microwave heating.
Welding: Resistance welding, Arc welding, Ultrasonic welding, Electron bean welding, Laser beam
welding, Requirement for good welding, Power supplies for different welding schemes.