1] Human Biology:
Basic concepts of Quantitative Physiology, Microbiology and Immunology. Notion of nervous system,
respiratory system, circulatory system and excretory system with special emphasis on origin and
alteration of physiological potentials for measurement of different pathophysiological parameters in these
systems.
2] Basic Concepts of Medical Instrumentation
Medical measurements and their associated constraints, classification of biomedical instruments,
interfering and modifying inputs, compensation techniques, generalized static and dynamic characteristics
commercial medical instrumentation development process, regulation of medical devices.
3] Basic Sensors and Principles
Inertial sensors for measurement of pressure and flow, optical sensors for measurement of oxygen
content, vitreo-retinal functions, thermal sensors, biosensors for bacteria detection, electrochemical
sensors.
4] Biopotentials and measurements
Origin of biopotentials and their measurements like ENG, EMG, ECG, ERG, EEG. Principles of
construction and operation of biopotential measuring equipments. Signal processing of biopotentials.
Analysis of non-stationary data with special emphasis on electroencephalographic data processing.
5] Measurements of physiological parameters
Description and principles of operation of analog and digital circuits for signal conditioning of
biomedical sensor outputs with special emphasis to signal modulation, encoding and interfacing and
electrical safety, blood pressure measurement, flow measurements and analyses by Brookfield cone-plate
viscometer, Cahn surface tension balance and electronetics bubble pulsating surfactometer, measurement
of respiratory parameters by spirometer, blood glucose measurement by Doppler Ultrasonography;
medical imaging systems like CAT Scan, MRI, USG etc.