Sewage and drainage: Definition of some common terms used in sanitary engineering. Systems of
sanitation, systems of sewarages. Types of sewage. Sources of sanitary sewage. Estimating the quantity of
sanitary sewage and storm sewage.
Design of sewers.Nomograms, partial flow diagrams. Testing of sewer lines Sewer appurtenances.
Pumping of sewage. House drainage.
Characteristics of sewage: Physical, Chemical and Biological. Test on sewage; Solids, dissolved oxygen,
biochemical oxygen demand, stability and relative stability, chlorides, sulphide, nitrogen. pH value, grease,
oil and fat. Biological tests, carbon, nitrogen and sulphur cycles.
Solid waste disposal: Quality and quantity of refuse, Collection and conveyance of solid wastes. Disposal
of solid waste by composting, and other methods, Salvaging, grinding
and discharging into sewers. '"
Disposal by other methods: Oxidation pond, oxidation ditch, aerated lagoon, septic tank, Iimhoff tank,
Disposal by dilution, irrigation and farming, stream sanitation.
Treatment of sewage: Primary treatment - screen, grit chamber, detritus tank, skimming tank, plain
sedimentation sedimentation with coagulation. Secondary treatment - Filtration, normal rate trickling
filters, high rate trickling filters activated sludge process, aeration units, types of activated sludge process,
sludge digestion. Functional design of primary and secondary treatment units.