4CH5(CH)-Heat Transfer Operation |
Units: I |
Introduction: Modes of heat transfer: conduction, convection, radiation.
Steady-State Conduction in One Dimension: Fourier’s Law, thermal conductivity,
steady-state conduction of heat through a single and composite solid, cylinder and
sphere. Steady-state heat conduction in bodies with heat sources: plane wall,
cylinder and sphere.
Heat Transfer Coefficient: Convective heat transfer and the concept of heat transfer
coefficient, overall heat transfer coefficient, heat transfer from extended surfaces,
thermal contact resistance, critical and optimum insulation thickness.
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Units: II |
Forced Convection: Flow over a flat plate, thermal boundary layer, flow across a
cylinder. Dimensional analysis: Buckingham Pi theorem, Dimensionless groups in
heat transfer. Correlations for the heat transfer coefficient: Laminar flow through a
circular pipe, turbulent flow, through a non-circular duct, flow over flat plate, flow
across a cylinder, flow past a sphere, flow across a bank of tubes, heat transfer
coefficient in a packed and fluidized bed.
Double-pipe heat exchanger in parallel and counter-current flow.
Free Convection: Introduction, heat transfer correlations for free convection: flat
surface, cylinder, sphere, enclosure. Combined free and forced convection |
Units: III |
Boiling and Condensation: Boiling phenomenon, nucleate boiling, Correlations for
pool boiling heat transfer: Nucleate boiling, critical heat flux, stable film boiling.
Forced convection boiling, condensation phenomena, film condensation on a
vertical surface, turbulent film condensation, condensation outside a horizontal tube
and tube bank. Condensation inside a horizontal tube, effect of non-condensable
gases. Dropwise condensation.
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Units: IV |
Radiation Heat Transfer: Basic concepts of radiation from a surface: black body
radiation, Planck’s Law, Wien’s Displacement Law, Stefan-Boltzmann Law,
Kirchoff’s Law, Gray body. Radiation intensity of a black body, spectral emissive
power of a black body over a hemisphere. Radiation heat exchange between
surfaces – the view factor. Radiation exchange between black bodies and between
diffuse gray surfaces.
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Units: V |
Heat Exchangers: Construction of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, fouling of a
heat exchanger, LMTD, temperature distribution in multi-pass heat exchangers,
individual heat transfer coefficients and their relations with overall H.T. coefficients.
Types of shell-and-tube heat exchanger.
Evaporators: Types of evaporators: Natural-circulation evaporators, forcedcirculation
evaporators, falling-film evaporators, climbing-film evaporators, agitated
thin-film evaporators and plate evaporators. Principles of evaporation and
evaporators; Single and multiple effect evaporators. Capacity and economy, Boiling
point rise, Enthalpy balance of a solution. Calculations of single effect and
multieffect evaporators. Methods of feeding to multieffect evaporators.
Unsteady-State Heat Conduction: Mathematical formulations and initial and
boundary conditions. Analytical solution, numerical solution.
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Text/ Reference Books |
1. Dutta, B. K., “Heat Transfer: Principles and Applications,” PHI, New Delhi,
2001.
2. Holman, J. P., “Heat Tansfer,” 8th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York.
3. A.J. Chapman, “Heat Transfer,” Maxwell Macmillan, 1984.
4. Kern D.Q., “Process Heat Transfer”, Tata McGraw Hill, 1950.
5. Hewitt, G. F., Shires, G.L. and Bott, T. R., “Process Heat Transfer”, CRC Press,
1994.
6. Rao, Y. V. C., “Heat Transfer”. New Age International , Delhi
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