STATE VARIABLE TECHNIQUES :
State variable representation of systems by various methods, solution of state variable model.
Controllability and observability.
PHASE PLANE ANALYSIS:
Singular points, Method of isoclines, delta method , phase portrait of second order nonlinear systems,
limit cycle.
DESCRIBING FUNCTION ANALYSIS :
Definition, limitations, use of describing function for stability analysis, describing function of ideal relay,
relay with hystersis, dead zone, saturation, coulomb friction and backlash.
LYAPUNOV’S STABILITY METHOD :
Lyapunov's direct method, generation of Lyapunov’s function by Krasovskii’s and Variable Gradient
methods
SAMPLED DATA SYSTEMS:
Sampling process, mathematical analysis of sampling process, application of Laplace transform.
Reconstruction of sampled signal, zero order, first order hold.
Z-transform definition, evaluation of Z-transform, inverse Z-transform, pulse transfer function, limitations of
Z-transform,
State variable formulation of discrete time systems, solution of discrete time state equations.
Stability definition, Jury's test of stability, extension of Routh-Hurwitz criterion to discrete time systems.