1. Diode Circuits
pn junction diode, concept of band structure, potential barrier, diode as a circuit element, half
wave, full wave and bridge rectifier and determination of rms, average value, ripple factor and
regulation, capacitor input, inductor input, RC and RL filter circuits, special propose diode;
LED, LCD and Photo- diodes.
2. Bipolar junction Transistors
pnp & npn, transistor construction and characteristics in CB, CE and CC modes.
Determination of h parameters from transistor characteristics. h parameter equivalent circuit of
transistor. Conversion of h parameter from CB to CE and CC configuration. Graphical
analysis of transistors as an amplifier, special purpose transistors, UJT (construction and
characteristics only), photo- transistors.
3. Field Effect Transistors
Construction and characteristics of junction field effect transistor (JFET), MOSFET (both
depletion and enhancement type), CMOSFET’s, parameters and equivalent circuit of an FET,
biasing of FETs, FET as an amplifier in CS configuration.
4. Transistor Biasing and Stabilization
Operating point, bias stability, various biasing circuits, stabilization against Ico, VBE and
beta. Bias compensation methods and thermal runaway.
5. Small Signal Low Frequency Transistor
Analysis of transistor amplifier using h-parameters in CB, CE and CC configuration.
Comparison of three configurations in term A1, A21, R1, R0. Frequency response of amplifier.
Effect of an emitter bypass capacitor, coupling capacitor, emitter resistance and shunt
capacitors on frequency response of amplifier. Analysis of emitter follower using Miller’s
theorem.