ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION: Regions and properties, Various energy levels, Interaction of photons with matter, absorbance, & transmittance and their relationship , Permitted energy levels for the electrons of an atom and simple molecules, classification of instrumental methods based on physical properties.;VISIBLE SPECTROSCOPY AND COLORIMETRY: Beer-Lambert's Law, Limitations, Deviations (Real, Chemical and Instrumental deviations) Nesslerimetry, Duboscq colorimetry, Estimation of inorganic ions such as Fe, Ni and Nitrite using Beer-Lambert's Law. UV-VISIBLE AND IR SPECTROSCOPY: Instrumentation (Source, Optical parts and Detectors) - Various electronic transitions in organic and inorganic compounds effected by UV, Visible and infra red radiations. Woodward-Fischer rules for the calculation of absorption maxima (dienes and carbonyl compounds). Effects of auxochromes and effects of conjugation on the absorption maxima, Multicomponent analysis - Photometric titration
ELECTROMETRIC METHODS
Conductometric Titrations: Instrumentation-Types-Advantages-Application; Potentiometric Titrations: Instrumentation-Types-Advantages-Application; Measurement of pH: Instrumentation-Applications; Ion selective electrodes: Electrode setup-Applications.; Amperometric titrations: Principle-instrumentation- Application
X-RAY DIFFRACTION & THERMAL ANALYSIS METHODS
XRD: Introduction, Mosley's law, Different emission and diffraction methods, various X-ray detectors.
Thermogravimetic Analysis (TGA): Instrumentation, factors affecting the shapes of thermograms, applications, thermograms of some important compounds (CuSO4, 5H2O, CaC2O42H2O etc).
Differential thermal analysis (DTA) & Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC): Principle, Instrumentation and applications of DSC and DTA, differences between DSC and DTA.
IMPORTANT SPECTROSCOPIC METHODS OF ANALYSIS
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS): Principle, Instrumentation, Interference and Applications. Flame Photometry and Inductively coupled Plasma Atomic Emission spectroscopy( ICP-AES): Principle, Instrumentation and Applications. Polarimetry: Principle, Instrumentation and Applications. Refractometry: Principle, Instrumentation and Applications. Nephlometry/Turbidimetry: Principle, Instrumentation and Applications.
CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHODS
Chromatographic methods - Types (column, Thin layer, paper, Gas, High performance liquid Chromatographic methods) – principle- separation technique - separation of organic compounds by column and thin layer, Amino acids and mixture of Cu, Co & Ni by Paper, estimation of organic compounds by GC and HPLC.
REFERENCE
Text Books
1. Skoog D.A. and West D.M., " Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry ", Saunders-college Publishing, 1982.
2. Willard, H.H., Merritt. I.I., Dean J.a., and Settle, F.A., " Instrumental methods of analysis ", Sixth edition, CBS publishers, 1986.
Reference Books
1. A.I.Vogel., "Qualitative Inorganic analysis ", V.Edition, Prentice-Hall of India (P) Ltd., New Delhi, 1991.
2. S harma, B.K., " Instrumental Methods of Analysis ", Goel publishing House, 1995.
3. 3. Parikh V.M., " Absorption spectroscopy of organic molecules ", Addison - Wesley Publishing Company, 1974.