BT2202-BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY |
FOURIER SERIES
INTRODUCTION TO ENZYMES |
Classification of enzymes. Mechanisms of enzyme action; concept of active site and energetics of enzyme substrate complex formation; specificity of enzyme action; Stereochemistry – R,S notation – re-si faces – e,z isomerism- conformers- ethane – cyclopean - reactivates- mechanisms of sn1 sn2 reactions, e1 e2 reactions – ester formation and hydrolysis, reaction rates - hammond's postulate – h/d effects. Catalysis – general acid – base and covalent catalysis. |
KINETICS OF ENZYME ACTION |
Allosteric regulation of enzymes, Monod changeux wyman model, ph and temperature effect on enzymes & deactivation kinetics - Stereospecific enzymatic reactions –Stereochemistry of nucleophilic reactions – chiral methyl group – chiral phosphate.
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ENZYME IMMOBILIZATION & CASE STUDIES OF ENZYME STRUCTURE AND MECHANISM |
Physical and chemical techniques for enzyme immobilization – adsorption, matrix entrapment, encapsulation, cross-linking, covalent binding etc., - examples, advantages and disadvantages. Case studies include dehydrogenases, proteases – - lysozyme- stability of proteins .
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KINETICS OF PROTEIN FOLDING |
Kinetics of single substrate reactions; estimation of Michelis – Menten parameters, multi substrate reactions- mechanisms and kinetics; turnover number; types of inhibition & models –substrate, product - folding of peptides. |
FOLDING PATHWAYS & ENERGY LANDSCAPES |
Folding of ci2 – nucleation condensation mechanism – folding of barnase – time resolution – insights from theory – optimization of folding rates – molecular chaperones. Production and purification of crude enzyme extracts from plant, animal and microbial sources; methods of characterization of enzymes; development of enzymatic assays
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REFERENCE |
Text Books |
1. Harvey W. Blanch, Douglas S. Clark, “Biochemical Engineering”, Marcel Dekker, Inc.
2. James M. Lee, “Biochemical Engineering”, PHI, USA.
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Reference Books |
1. Structure and Mechanism In Protein Science: A Guide To Enzyme Catalysis and Protein Folding; A. R. Fersht, W.H. Freeman, 1999.
2. Bioorganic Chemistry; H. Dugas, Springer Verlag, 1999.
3. James. E. Bailey & David F. Ollis, “Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals”, McGraw-Hill.
4. Wiseman, “Enzyme Biotechnology”, Ellis Horwood Pub.
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