Light - Physics of light, Intensity of light, limits of Vision and color vision Sound - Physics of sound , Normal sound levels – Ultrasound fundamentals- Generation of ultrasound ( Ultrasound Transducer) – Interaction of Ultrasound with Materials-Reflection and Refraction – Absorption and Scattering Non- ionizing Electromagnetic Radiation Tissue as a leaky dielectric – Relaxation Processes – Overview of non – ionizing radiation effects -Low Frequency Effect – Higher frequency effect.
UNIT II
Radioactive Decay – Spontaneous Emission – Isometric Transition - Gamma ray emission, alpha, beta, positron decay, electron capture Principles of Nuclear Physics – Natural radioactivity, Decay series,Half life period, type of radiation and their applications. Production of radionuclides – Cyclotron produced Radionuclide - Reactor produced Radionuclide – fission and electron Capture reaction, Radionuclide Generator – Milking Process - Linear accelerator , Radionuclide used in Medicine and technology.
INTERACTION OF RADIATION WITH MATTER
Interaction of charged particles with matter – Specific ionization , linear energy Transfer Range, Bremsstrahlung , Annihilation Interaction of Gamma radiations with matter – Photoelectric effect, Compton Scattering , pair Production, Attenuation of Gamma Radiation, Interaction of neuron with matter .
PHYSICS OF CARDIOPULMONARY SYSTEM 9
The Airways, - blood and lung interaction – measurement of lung volume – pressure air flow volume relation ships of lungs – physics of alveoli – the breathing mechanism – Major components of cardiovascular system – O2 and CO2 exchange in the capillary system – Physical activity of heart – transmural pressure – Bernolli's principles applied to cardiovascular system - Blood flow – laminar and turbulent
RADIATION EFFECTS 8
Acute Radiation Effects - The concept of LD 50 – Radiation syndromes- Central nervous system syndrome - Gastro-intestinal syndrome –Bone Marrow syndrome Delayed Effects of Radiation - Stochastic and Deterministic effects – Late Deterministic effect in different organs and tissues.
REFERENCE
Text Books
1. B.H Brown , PV Law ford, R H Small wood , D R Hose , D C Barber , “Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering”, CRC Press, 1999.
2. Gopal B.Saha “Physics and Radiobiology of Nuclear Medicine” Springer, 3rd ed, 2006
Reference Books
1. John R. Cameron and James G. Skofronick, “Medical Physics”, John–Wiley & Sons, 978.
2. RF Farr and PJ Allisy –Roberts, “Physics for Medical Imaging” Saunders, 1997.
3. P.Uma Devi, A. Nagarathnam, B S Satish Rao, “Introduction to Radiation Biology” B.I .Churchill Livingstone pvt ltd, 2000.
4. S.Webb, “The Physics of Medical Imaging”, Taylor and Francis, 1988.